Audiocraft 音頻生成
用於音頻生成的 PyTorch 庫,包括文本到音樂(MusicGen)和文本到聲音(AudioGen)。當您需要從文本描述生成音樂、創建音效或執行旋律條件音樂生成時使用。
技能元數據
| 來源 | 捆綁(默認安裝) |
| 路徑 | skills/mlops/models/audiocraft |
| 版本 | 1.0.0 |
| 作者 | Orchestra Research |
| 許可證 | MIT |
| 依賴項 | audiocraft, torch>=2.0.0, transformers>=4.30.0 |
| 標籤 | Multimodal, Audio Generation, Text-to-Music, Text-to-Audio, MusicGen |
參考:完整 SKILL.md
信息
以下是 Hermes 在觸發此技能時加載的完整技能定義。這是技能激活時代理看到的指令。
AudioCraft:音頻生成
使用 MusicGen、AudioGen 和 EnCodec 通過 Meta 的 AudioCraft 進行文本到音樂和文本到音頻生成的綜合指南。
何時使用 AudioCraft
在以下情況使用 AudioCraft:
- 需要從文本描述生成音樂
- 創建音效和環境音頻
- 構建音樂生成應用程序
- 需要旋律條件音樂生成
- 想要立體聲音頻輸出
- 需要具有風格遷移的可控音樂生成
主要功能:
- MusicGen:具有旋律條件的文本到音樂生成
- AudioGen:文本到音效生成
- EnCodec:高保真神經音頻編解碼器
- 多種模型尺寸:從小型(300M)到大型(3.3B)
- 立體聲支持:全立體聲音頻生成
- 風格條件:MusicGen-Style 用於基於參考的生成
改用替代方案:
- Stable Audio:用於更長的商業音樂生成
- Bark:用於帶有音樂/音效的文本到語音
- Riffusion:用於基於頻譜圖的音樂生成
- OpenAI Jukebox:用於帶有歌詞的原始音頻生成
快速開始
安裝
# From PyPI
pip install audiocraft
# From GitHub (latest)
pip install git+https://github.com/facebookresearch/audiocraft.git
# Or use HuggingFace Transformers
pip install transformers torch torchaudio
基本文本到音樂(AudioCraft)
import torchaudio
from audiocraft.models import MusicGen
# Load model
model = MusicGen.get_pretrained('facebook/musicgen-small')
# Set generation parameters
model.set_generation_params(
duration=8, # seconds
top_k=250,
temperature=1.0
)
# Generate from text
descriptions = ["happy upbeat electronic dance music with synths"]
wav = model.generate(descriptions)
# Save audio
torchaudio.save("output.wav", wav[0].cpu(), sample_rate=32000)
使用 HuggingFace Transformers
from transformers import AutoProcessor, MusicgenForConditionalGeneration
import scipy
# Load model and processor
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/musicgen-small")
model = MusicgenForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("facebook/musicgen-small")
model.to("cuda")
# Generate music
inputs = processor(
text=["80s pop track with bassy drums and synth"],
padding=True,
return_tensors="pt"
).to("cuda")
audio_values = model.generate(
**inputs,
do_sample=True,
guidance_scale=3,
max_new_tokens=256
)
# Save
sampling_rate = model.config.audio_encoder.sampling_rate
scipy.io.wavfile.write("output.wav", rate=sampling_rate, data=audio_values[0, 0].cpu().numpy())
使用 AudioGen 進行文本到聲音生成
from audiocraft.models import AudioGen
# Load AudioGen
model = AudioGen.get_pretrained('facebook/audiogen-medium')
model.set_generation_params(duration=5)
# Generate sound effects
descriptions = ["dog barking in a park with birds chirping"]
wav = model.generate(descriptions)
torchaudio.save("sound.wav", wav[0].cpu(), sample_rate=16000)
核心概念
架構概述
AudioCraft Architecture:
┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Text Encoder (T5) │
│ │ │
│ Text Embeddings │
└────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────┘
│
┌────────────────────────▼─────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Transformer Decoder (LM) │
│ Auto-regressively generates audio tokens │
│ Using efficient token interleaving patterns │
└────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────┘
│
┌────────────────────────▼─────────────────────────────────────┐
│ EnCodec Audio Decoder │
│ Converts tokens back to audio waveform │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
模型變體
| 模型 | 尺寸 | 描述 | 用例 |
|---|---|---|---|
musicgen-small | 300M | 文本到音樂 | 快速生成 |
musicgen-medium | 1.5B | 文本到音樂 | 平衡型 |
musicgen-large | 3.3B | 文本到音樂 | 最佳質量 |
musicgen-melody | 1.5B | 文本 + 旋律 | 旋律條件 |
musicgen-melody-large | 3.3B | 文本 + 旋律 | 最佳旋律 |
musicgen-stereo-* | 可變 | 立體聲輸出 | 立體聲生成 |
musicgen-style | 1.5B | 風格遷移 | 基於參考 |
audiogen-medium | 1.5B | 文本到聲音 | 音效 |
生成參數
| 參數 | 默認值 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
duration | 8.0 | 長度(秒)(1-120) |
top_k | 250 | Top-k 採樣 |
top_p | 0.0 | 核採樣(0 = 禁用) |
temperature | 1.0 | 採樣溫度 |
cfg_coef | 3.0 | 無分類器引導 |
MusicGen 用法
文本到音樂生成
from audiocraft.models import MusicGen
import torchaudio
model = MusicGen.get_pretrained('facebook/musicgen-medium')
# Configure generation
model.set_generation_params(
duration=30, # Up to 30 seconds
top_k=250, # Sampling diversity
top_p=0.0, # 0 = use top_k only
temperature=1.0, # Creativity (higher = more varied)
cfg_coef=3.0 # Text adherence (higher = stricter)
)
# Generate multiple samples
descriptions = [
"epic orchestral soundtrack with strings and brass",
"chill lo-fi hip hop beat with jazzy piano",
"energetic rock song with electric guitar"
]
# Generate (returns [batch, channels, samples])
wav = model.generate(descriptions)
# Save each
for i, audio in enumerate(wav):
torchaudio.save(f"music_{i}.wav", audio.cpu(), sample_rate=32000)
旋律條件生成
from audiocraft.models import MusicGen
import torchaudio
# Load melody model
model = MusicGen.get_pretrained('facebook/musicgen-melody')
model.set_generation_params(duration=30)
# Load melody audio
melody, sr = torchaudio.load("melody.wav")
# Generate with melody conditioning
descriptions = ["acoustic guitar folk song"]
wav = model.generate_with_chroma(descriptions, melody, sr)
torchaudio.save("melody_conditioned.wav", wav[0].cpu(), sample_rate=32000)
立體聲生成
from audiocraft.models import MusicGen
# Load stereo model
model = MusicGen.get_pretrained('facebook/musicgen-stereo-medium')
model.set_generation_params(duration=15)
descriptions = ["ambient electronic music with wide stereo panning"]
wav = model.generate(descriptions)
# wav shape: [batch, 2, samples] for stereo
print(f"Stereo shape: {wav.shape}") # [1, 2, 480000]
torchaudio.save("stereo.wav", wav[0].cpu(), sample_rate=32000)
音頻續寫
from transformers import AutoProcessor, MusicgenForConditionalGeneration
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/musicgen-medium")
model = MusicgenForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("facebook/musicgen-medium")
# Load audio to continue
import torchaudio
audio, sr = torchaudio.load("intro.wav")
# Process with text and audio
inputs = processor(
audio=audio.squeeze().numpy(),
sampling_rate=sr,
text=["continue with a epic chorus"],
padding=True,
return_tensors="pt"
)
# Generate continuation
audio_values = model.generate(**inputs, do_sample=True, guidance_scale=3, max_new_tokens=512)
MusicGen-Style 用法
風格條件生成
from audiocraft.models import MusicGen
# Load style model
model = MusicGen.get_pretrained('facebook/musicgen-style')
# Configure generation with style
model.set_generation_params(
duration=30,
cfg_coef=3.0,
cfg_coef_beta=5.0 # Style influence
)
# Configure style conditioner
model.set_style_conditioner_params(
eval_q=3, # RVQ quantizers (1-6)
excerpt_length=3.0 # Style excerpt length
)
# Load style reference
style_audio, sr = torchaudio.load("reference_style.wav")
# Generate with text + style
descriptions = ["upbeat dance track"]
wav = model.generate_with_style(descriptions, style_audio, sr)
純風格生成(無文本)
# Generate matching style without text prompt
model.set_generation_params(
duration=30,
cfg_coef=3.0,
cfg_coef_beta=None # Disable double CFG for style-only
)
wav = model.generate_with_style([None], style_audio, sr)
AudioGen 用法
音效生成
from audiocraft.models import AudioGen
import torchaudio
model = AudioGen.get_pretrained('facebook/audiogen-medium')
model.set_generation_params(duration=10)
# Generate various sounds
descriptions = [
"thunderstorm with heavy rain and lightning",
"busy city traffic with car horns",
"ocean waves crashing on rocks",
"crackling campfire in forest"
]
wav = model.generate(descriptions)
for i, audio in enumerate(wav):
torchaudio.save(f"sound_{i}.wav", audio.cpu(), sample_rate=16000)
EnCodec 用法
音頻壓縮
from audiocraft.models import CompressionModel
import torch
import torchaudio
# Load EnCodec
model = CompressionModel.get_pretrained('facebook/encodec_32khz')
# Load audio
wav, sr = torchaudio.load("audio.wav")
# Ensure correct sample rate
if sr != 32000:
resampler = torchaudio.transforms.Resample(sr, 32000)
wav = resampler(wav)
# Encode to tokens
with torch.no_grad():
encoded = model.encode(wav.unsqueeze(0))
codes = encoded[0] # Audio codes
# Decode back to audio
with torch.no_grad():
decoded = model.decode(codes)
torchaudio.save("reconstructed.wav", decoded[0].cpu(), sample_rate=32000)
常見工作流
工作流 1:音樂生成流水線
import torch
import torchaudio
from audiocraft.models import MusicGen
class MusicGenerator:
def __init__(self, model_name="facebook/musicgen-medium"):
self.model = MusicGen.get_pretrained(model_name)
self.sample_rate = 32000
def generate(self, prompt, duration=30, temperature=1.0, cfg=3.0):
self.model.set_generation_params(
duration=duration,
top_k=250,
temperature=temperature,
cfg_coef=cfg
)
with torch.no_grad():
wav = self.model.generate([prompt])
return wav[0].cpu()
def generate_batch(self, prompts, duration=30):
self.model.set_generation_params(duration=duration)
with torch.no_grad():
wav = self.model.generate(prompts)
return wav.cpu()
def save(self, audio, path):
torchaudio.save(path, audio, sample_rate=self.sample_rate)
# Usage
generator = MusicGenerator()
audio = generator.generate(
"epic cinematic orchestral music",
duration=30,
temperature=1.0
)
generator.save(audio, "epic_music.wav")
工作流 2:聲音設計批處理
import json
from pathlib import Path
from audiocraft.models import AudioGen
import torchaudio
def batch_generate_sounds(sound_specs, output_dir):
"""
Generate multiple sounds from specifications.
Args:
sound_specs: list of {"name": str, "description": str, "duration": float}
output_dir: output directory path
"""
model = AudioGen.get_pretrained('facebook/audiogen-medium')
output_dir = Path(output_dir)
output_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
results = []
for spec in sound_specs:
model.set_generation_params(duration=spec.get("duration", 5))
wav = model.generate([spec["description"]])
output_path = output_dir / f"{spec['name']}.wav"
torchaudio.save(str(output_path), wav[0].cpu(), sample_rate=16000)
results.append({
"name": spec["name"],
"path": str(output_path),
"description": spec["description"]
})
return results
# Usage
sounds = [
{"name": "explosion", "description": "massive explosion with debris", "duration": 3},
{"name": "footsteps", "description": "footsteps on wooden floor", "duration": 5},
{"name": "door", "description": "wooden door creaking and closing", "duration": 2}
]
results = batch_generate_sounds(sounds, "sound_effects/")
工作流 3:Gradio 演示
import gradio as gr
import torch
import torchaudio
from audiocraft.models import MusicGen
model = MusicGen.get_pretrained('facebook/musicgen-small')
def generate_music(prompt, duration, temperature, cfg_coef):
model.set_generation_params(
duration=duration,
temperature=temperature,
cfg_coef=cfg_coef
)
with torch.no_grad():
wav = model.generate([prompt])
# Save to temp file
path = "temp_output.wav"
torchaudio.save(path, wav[0].cpu(), sample_rate=32000)
return path
demo = gr.Interface(
fn=generate_music,
inputs=[
gr.Textbox(label="Music Description", placeholder="upbeat electronic dance music"),
gr.Slider(1, 30, value=8, label="Duration (seconds)"),
gr.Slider(0.5, 2.0, value=1.0, label="Temperature"),
gr.Slider(1.0, 10.0, value=3.0, label="CFG Coefficient")
],
outputs=gr.Audio(label="Generated Music"),
title="MusicGen Demo"
)
demo.launch()
性能優化
內存優化
# Use smaller model
model = MusicGen.get_pretrained('facebook/musicgen-small')
# Clear cache between generations
torch.cuda.empty_cache()
# Generate shorter durations
model.set_generation_params(duration=10) # Instead of 30
# Use half precision
model = model.half()
批處理效率
# Process multiple prompts at once (more efficient)
descriptions = ["prompt1", "prompt2", "prompt3", "prompt4"]
wav = model.generate(descriptions) # Single batch
# Instead of
for desc in descriptions:
wav = model.generate([desc]) # Multiple batches (slower)
GPU 內存要求
| 模型 | FP32 顯存 | FP16 顯存 |
|---|---|---|
| musicgen-small | ~4GB | ~2GB |
| musicgen-medium | ~8GB | ~4GB |
| musicgen-large | ~16GB | ~8GB |
常見問題
| 問題 | 解決方案 |
|---|---|
| CUDA OOM | 使用較小的模型,減少持續時間 |
| 質量差 | 增加 cfg_coef,使用更好的提示詞 |
| 生成時間太短 | 檢查最大持續時間設置 |
| 音頻偽影 | 嘗試不同的溫度 |
| 立體聲不起作用 | 使用立體聲模型變體 |
參考資料
資源
- GitHub: https://github.com/facebookresearch/audiocraft
- 論文 (MusicGen): https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.05284
- 論文 (AudioGen): https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.15352
- HuggingFace: https://huggingface.co/facebook/musicgen-small
- 演示: https://huggingface.co/spaces/facebook/MusicGen