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GPT该页面已从 Hermes Agent 官方文档同步，等待运行 pnpm docs:translate 生成简体中文译文。官方原文：https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/blob/main/website/docs/user-guide/skills/bundled/social-media/social-media-xurl.md
Xurl
Interact with X/Twitter via xurl, the official X API CLI. Use for posting, replying, quoting, searching, timelines, mentions, likes, reposts, bookmarks, follows, DMs, media upload, and raw v2 endpoint access.
Skill metadata
| Source | Bundled (installed by default) |
| Path | skills/social-media/xurl |
| Version | 1.1.1 |
| Author | xdevplatform + openclaw + Hermes Agent |
| License | MIT |
| Platforms | linux, macos |
| Tags | twitter, x, social-media, xurl, official-api |
Reference: full SKILL.md
The following is the complete skill definition that Hermes loads when this skill is triggered. This is what the agent sees as instructions when the skill is active.
xurl — X (Twitter) API via the Official CLI
xurl is the X developer platform's official CLI for the X API. It supports shortcut commands for common actions AND raw curl-style access to any v2 endpoint. All commands return JSON to stdout.
Use this skill for:
- posting, replying, quoting, deleting posts
- searching posts and reading timelines/mentions
- liking, reposting, bookmarking
- following, unfollowing, blocking, muting
- direct messages
- media uploads (images and video)
- raw access to any X API v2 endpoint
- multi-app / multi-account workflows
This skill replaces the older xitter skill (which wrapped a third-party Python CLI). xurl is maintained by the X developer platform team, supports OAuth 2.0 PKCE with auto-refresh, and covers a substantially larger API surface.
Secret Safety (MANDATORY)
Critical rules when operating inside an agent/LLM session:
- Never read, print, parse, summarize, upload, or send
~/.xurlto LLM context. - Never ask the user to paste credentials/tokens into chat.
- The user must fill
~/.xurlwith secrets manually on their own machine. - Never recommend or execute auth commands with inline secrets in agent sessions.
- Never use
--verbose/-vin agent sessions — it can expose auth headers/tokens. - To verify credentials exist, only use:
xurl auth status.
Forbidden flags in agent commands (they accept inline secrets):
--bearer-token, --consumer-key, --consumer-secret, --access-token, --token-secret, --client-id, --client-secret
App credential registration and credential rotation must be done by the user manually, outside the agent session. After credentials are registered, the user authenticates with xurl auth oauth2 — also outside the agent session. Tokens persist to ~/.xurl in YAML. Each app has isolated tokens. OAuth 2.0 tokens auto-refresh.
Installation
Pick ONE method. On Linux, the shell script or go install are the easiest.
# Shell script (installs to ~/.local/bin, no sudo, works on Linux + macOS)
curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/xdevplatform/xurl/main/install.sh | bash
# Homebrew (macOS)
brew install --cask xdevplatform/tap/xurl
# npm
npm install -g @xdevplatform/xurl
# Go
go install github.com/xdevplatform/xurl@latest
Verify:
xurl --help
xurl auth status
If xurl is installed but auth status shows no apps or tokens, the user needs to complete auth manually — see the next section.
One-Time User Setup (user runs these outside the agent)
These steps must be performed by the user directly, NOT by the agent, because they involve pasting secrets. Direct the user to this block; do not execute it for them.
-
Create or open an app at https://developer.x.com/en/portal/dashboard
-
Set the redirect URI to
http://localhost:8080/callback -
Copy the app's Client ID and Client Secret
-
Register the app locally (user runs this):
xurl auth apps add my-app --client-id YOUR_CLIENT_ID --client-secret YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET -
Authenticate (specify
--appto bind the token to your app):xurl auth oauth2 --app my-app(This opens a browser for the OAuth 2.0 PKCE flow.)
If X returns a
UsernameNotFounderror or 403 on the post-OAuth/2/users/melookup, pass your handle explicitly (xurl v1.1.0+):xurl auth oauth2 --app my-app YOUR_USERNAMEThis binds the token to your handle and skips the broken
/2/users/mecall. -
Set the app as default so all commands use it:
xurl auth default my-app -
Verify:
xurl auth status
xurl whoami
After this, the agent can use any command below without further setup. OAuth 2.0 tokens auto-refresh.
Common pitfall: If you omit
--app my-appfromxurl auth oauth2, the OAuth token is saved to the built-indefaultapp profile — which has no client-id or client-secret. Commands will fail with auth errors even though the OAuth flow appeared to succeed. If you hit this, re-runxurl auth oauth2 --app my-appandxurl auth default my-app.
Quick Reference
| Action | Command |
|---|---|
| Post | xurl post "Hello world!" |
| Reply | xurl reply POST_ID "Nice post!" |
| Quote | xurl quote POST_ID "My take" |
| Delete a post | xurl delete POST_ID |
| Read a post | xurl read POST_ID |
| Search posts | xurl search "QUERY" -n 10 |
| Who am I | xurl whoami |
| Look up a user | xurl user @handle |
| Home timeline | xurl timeline -n 20 |
| Mentions | xurl mentions -n 10 |
| Like / Unlike | xurl like POST_ID / xurl unlike POST_ID |
| Repost / Undo | xurl repost POST_ID / xurl unrepost POST_ID |
| Bookmark / Remove | xurl bookmark POST_ID / xurl unbookmark POST_ID |
| List bookmarks / likes | xurl bookmarks -n 10 / xurl likes -n 10 |
| Follow / Unfollow | xurl follow @handle / xurl unfollow @handle |
| Following / Followers | xurl following -n 20 / xurl followers -n 20 |
| Block / Unblock | xurl block @handle / xurl unblock @handle |
| Mute / Unmute | xurl mute @handle / xurl unmute @handle |
| Send DM | xurl dm @handle "message" |
| List DMs | xurl dms -n 10 |
| Upload media | xurl media upload path/to/file.mp4 |
| Media status | xurl media status MEDIA_ID |
| List apps | xurl auth apps list |
| Remove app | xurl auth apps remove NAME |
| Set default app | xurl auth default APP_NAME [USERNAME] |
| Per-request app | xurl --app NAME /2/users/me |
| Auth status | xurl auth status |
Notes:
POST_IDaccepts full URLs too (e.g.https://x.com/user/status/1234567890) — xurl extracts the ID.- Usernames work with or without a leading
@.
Command Details
Posting
xurl post "Hello world!"
xurl post "Check this out" --media-id MEDIA_ID
xurl post "Thread pics" --media-id 111 --media-id 222
xurl reply 1234567890 "Great point!"
xurl reply https://x.com/user/status/1234567890 "Agreed!"
xurl reply 1234567890 "Look at this" --media-id MEDIA_ID
xurl quote 1234567890 "Adding my thoughts"
xurl delete 1234567890
Reading & Search
xurl read 1234567890
xurl read https://x.com/user/status/1234567890
xurl search "golang"
xurl search "from:elonmusk" -n 20
xurl search "#buildinpublic lang:en" -n 15
Users, Timeline, Mentions
xurl whoami
xurl user elonmusk
xurl user @XDevelopers
xurl timeline -n 25
xurl mentions -n 20
Engagement
xurl like 1234567890
xurl unlike 1234567890
xurl repost 1234567890
xurl unrepost 1234567890
xurl bookmark 1234567890
xurl unbookmark 1234567890
xurl bookmarks -n 20
xurl likes -n 20
Social Graph
xurl follow @XDevelopers
xurl unfollow @XDevelopers
xurl following -n 50
xurl followers -n 50
# Another user's graph
xurl following --of elonmusk -n 20
xurl followers --of elonmusk -n 20
xurl block @spammer
xurl unblock @spammer
xurl mute @annoying
xurl unmute @annoying
Direct Messages
xurl dm @someuser "Hey, saw your post!"
xurl dms -n 25
Media Upload
# Auto-detect type
xurl media upload photo.jpg
xurl media upload video.mp4
# Explicit type/category
xurl media upload --media-type image/jpeg --category tweet_image photo.jpg
# Videos need server-side processing — check status (or poll)
xurl media status MEDIA_ID
xurl media status --wait MEDIA_ID
# Full workflow
xurl media upload meme.png # returns media id
xurl post "lol" --media-id MEDIA_ID
Raw API Access
The shortcuts cover common operations. For anything else, use raw curl-style mode against any X API v2 endpoint:
# GET
xurl /2/users/me
# POST with JSON body
xurl -X POST /2/tweets -d '{"text":"Hello world!"}'
# DELETE / PUT / PATCH
xurl -X DELETE /2/tweets/1234567890
# Custom headers
xurl -H "Content-Type: application/json" /2/some/endpoint
# Force streaming
xurl -s /2/tweets/search/stream
# Full URLs also work
xurl https://api.x.com/2/users/me
Global Flags
| Flag | Short | Description |
|---|---|---|
--app | Use a specific registered app (overrides default) | |
--auth | Force auth type: oauth1, oauth2, or app | |
--username | -u | Which OAuth2 account to use (if multiple exist) |
--verbose | -v | Forbidden in agent sessions — leaks auth headers |
--trace | -t | Add X-B3-Flags: 1 trace header |
Streaming
Streaming endpoints are auto-detected. Known ones include:
/2/tweets/search/stream/2/tweets/sample/stream/2/tweets/sample10/stream
Force streaming on any endpoint with -s.
Output Format
All commands return JSON to stdout. Structure mirrors X API v2:
{ "data": { "id": "1234567890", "text": "Hello world!" } }
Errors are also JSON:
{ "errors": [ { "message": "Not authorized", "code": 403 } ] }
Common Workflows
Post with an image
xurl media upload photo.jpg
xurl post "Check out this photo!" --media-id MEDIA_ID
Reply to a conversation
xurl read https://x.com/user/status/1234567890
xurl reply 1234567890 "Here are my thoughts..."
Search and engage
xurl search "topic of interest" -n 10
xurl like POST_ID_FROM_RESULTS
xurl reply POST_ID_FROM_RESULTS "Great point!"
Check your activity
xurl whoami
xurl mentions -n 20
xurl timeline -n 20
Multiple apps (credentials pre-configured manually)
xurl auth default prod alice # prod app, alice user
xurl --app staging /2/users/me # one-off against staging
Error Handling
- Non-zero exit code on any error.
- API errors are still printed as JSON to stdout, so you can parse them.
- Auth errors → have the user re-run
xurl auth oauth2outside the agent session. - Commands that need the caller's user ID (like, repost, bookmark, follow, etc.) will auto-fetch it via
/2/users/me. An auth failure there surfaces as an auth error.
Agent Workflow
- Verify prerequisites:
xurl --helpandxurl auth status. - Check default app has credentials. Parse the
auth statusoutput. The default app is marked with▸. If the default app showsoauth2: (none)but another app has a valid oauth2 user, tell the user to runxurl auth default <that-app>to fix it. This is the most common setup mistake — the user added an app with a custom name but never set it as default, so xurl keeps trying the emptydefaultprofile. - If auth is missing entirely, stop and direct the user to the "One-Time User Setup" section — do NOT attempt to register apps or pass secrets yourself.
- Start with a cheap read (
xurl whoami,xurl user @handle,xurl search ... -n 3) to confirm reachability. - Confirm the target post/user and the user's intent before any write action (post, reply, like, repost, DM, follow, block, delete).
- Use JSON output directly — every response is already structured.
- Never paste
~/.xurlcontents back into the conversation.
Troubleshooting
| Symptom | Cause | Fix |
|---|---|---|
| Auth errors after successful OAuth flow | Token saved to default app (no client-id/secret) instead of your named app | xurl auth oauth2 --app my-app then xurl auth default my-app |
unauthorized_client during OAuth | App type set to "Native App" in X dashboard | Change to "Web app, automated app or bot" in User Authentication Settings |
UsernameNotFound or 403 on /2/users/me right after OAuth | X not returning username reliably from /2/users/me | Re-run xurl auth oauth2 --app my-app YOUR_USERNAME (xurl v1.1.0+) to pass the handle explicitly |
| 401 on every request | Token expired or wrong default app | Check xurl auth status — verify ▸ points to an app with oauth2 tokens |
client-forbidden / client-not-enrolled | X platform enrollment issue | Dashboard → Apps → Manage → Move to "Pay-per-use" package → Production environment |
CreditsDepleted | $0 balance on X API | Buy credits (min $5) in Developer Console → Billing |
media processing failed on image upload | Default category is amplify_video | Add --category tweet_image --media-type image/png |
| Two "Client Secret" values in X dashboard | UI bug — first is actually Client ID | Confirm on the "Keys and tokens" page; ID ends in MTpjaQ |
Notes
- Rate limits: X enforces per-endpoint rate limits. A 429 means wait and retry. Write endpoints (post, reply, like, repost) have tighter limits than reads.
- Scopes: OAuth 2.0 tokens use broad scopes. A 403 on a specific action usually means the token is missing a scope — have the user re-run
xurl auth oauth2. - Token refresh: OAuth 2.0 tokens auto-refresh. Nothing to do.
- Multiple apps: Each app has isolated credentials/tokens. Switch with
xurl auth defaultor--app. - Multiple accounts per app: Select with
-u / --username, or set a default withxurl auth default APP USER. - Token storage:
~/.xurlis YAML. Never read or send this file to LLM context. - Cost: X API access is typically paid for meaningful usage. Many failures are plan/permission problems, not code problems.
Attribution
- Upstream CLI: https://github.com/xdevplatform/xurl (X developer platform team, Chris Park et al.)
- Upstream agent skill: https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/blob/main/skills/xurl/SKILL.md
- Hermes adaptation: reformatted for Hermes skill conventions; safety guardrails preserved verbatim.